Keywords
literacy
critical
technologies
21st century education
How to Cite
Abstract
The mass media industry does more than contribute to the mere promotion of options with respect to what we consume, what we accept, and our preferences. The media are fundamental in the formation of ideas, tastes, values and even identities. In any democratic society such power, its reach, and the facility with which that power is controlled and spread becomes a challenge for every individual, social institution, and particularly schools. This article presents an argument for the inclusion and development of critical media literacy projects in our communities, schools, and colleges of education. Living in the 21st century amidst the many technologies that have diversified our understanding of literacy, we are faced with the indispensable task of developing a broader and more profound meaning of literacy. Critical media literacy can contribute to those practices that enrich participation, critical thinking, and the creative processes that keep democracy on the course of constant development.
How to cite:
Solís-Jordán, J. (2011). ¿Cómo que qué pasa, Puerto Rico? Hacia la alfabetización crítica en los medios de comunicación. Pedagogía, 42(1), 103-123. Retrieved from https://revistas.upr.edu/index.php/educacion/article/view/16619
References
American Psychological Association Commission on Violence and Youth. (1993). Violence and youth: Psychology‘s response, Volume 1. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Bachmann Achenreiner, G. & Roedder John, D. (2003). The meaning of brand names to children: A developmental investigation. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 13(3), 205–219.
Bagdikian, B. (2004). The New Media Monopoly. Boston: Beacon Press.
Barthes, R. (1980). Mitologías. Madrid: Siglo XXI.
Berlo, D. (1975). The context for communication. En Hannemann & McEwen, Communication and Behavior (p. 8). Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley Publishing.
Bernays, E. (1928). Propaganda. New York: Horace Liveright Publishers.
Bourdieu, P. (1998, Jan/Feb). A reasoned utopia and economic fatalism. New Left Review, 124-138.
Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood. (June 28, 2007). Letter to the FTC., Accedido el 2 de marzo de 2009 en http://commercialfreechildhood.org/pressreleases/transformersftcletter.pdf
Campbell, K. & Davis-Packard, K. (2000, Sep. 18). How ads get kids to say I want it! Christian Science Monitor.
Center for Communication and Social Policy (1998). National Television Violence Study. Accedido el 11 de enero de 2009, en http://mediaawareness.ca/english/resources/research_documents/reports/violence/upload/National-Television-Violence-Study-Year-Three-1996-97-Report-pdf.pdf
Center for Media Literacy (2008). Literacy in the 21st Century: Questioning the Media. Center for Media Literacy. Accedido en http://www.medialit.org
Corcoran, M. (2007, Sep. 25). These days, some teens covet expensive brand names in purses, accessories. Los Angeles Times.
Eco, U. (1987). La estrategia de la ilusión. Barcelona: Lumen.
Federal Trade Commission Bureau of Economics Staff Report. (2007, June 1). Children‘s Exposure to TV Advertising in 1977 and 2004. Holt, D.J, Ippolito, P.M., Desrochers, D.M. & Kelley, C.R. p. 9.
Federal Trade Commission. (2007, Apr). Marketing violent entertainment to children: A fifth follow-up review of industry practices in the motion picture, music recording & electronic game industries: A report to Congress, p. ii.
Institute of Medicine. (2006). Food marketing to children and youth. Washington: The National Academies Press, p. 8.
Freire, P. (1985). The politics of education: Culture, and liberation. Boston: Greenwood Publishing Group.
Giroux, H. (1997). Pedagogy and the politics of hope: Theory, culture, and schooling. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Gunter, B. (2000). Media research methods: Measuring audiences. Reactions and impact. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Hall, S.; Hobson, D.; Lowe, A.; Willis, P. (Eds). (1980). Encoding/Decoding. En S. Hall, D. Hobson, A. Lowe, y P. Willis (Eds.), Culture, Media, Language (136-138). London: Hutchinson.
Haninger, K., Ryan, M. S., Thompson, K. M. (2004) .Violence in teen-rated video games. Medscape General Medicine, 6(1). Accedido el 17 de enero de 2009 en http://www.kidsrisk.harvard.edu/images/MGMvideogames.pdf
Healy, M. (2004, May 24). Young TV watchers may be at risk for later attention problems. The Los Angeles Times. Accedido el 25 de marzo de 2008, en http://www.childrennow.org/newsroom/news-04/cam-ra-05-24-04.cfm
hooks, bell. (1996). Reel to Real: Race, sex, and class at the movies. New York: Routledge.
Huston, A.C. (1992). Big world, small screen: The role of television in American society. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
Jolls, T. y Thoman, E. (2008). Literacy for the 21st Century. Malibu, CA: Center for Media Literacy.
Levin, D. (2004). Toying with children‘s health: How the business of play harms children. Third Consuming Kids Summit. Accedido en http://www.commercialfreechildhood.org/articles/3rdsummit/levin.htm
Lichter, S. R., Amundson, D. Lichter, L. S., & Willi, M. C. (2000). Sexual imagery in popular culture. Washington, DC: Center for Media and Popular Policy.
Lichty, L. (2009). Ratings analysis: The theory and practice of audience research. New York: LEA Publishers.
Linn, S. (2008). The case for make believe: Saving play in a commercialized world. New York: New Press.
Luke, C. (2000). Cyber-schooling and technological change: Multiteracies for new times. En B. Cope & M. Kalantzis (Eds.), Multiliteracies: Literacy learning and the design of social futures (pp. 69-91). Melbourne, VIC, Australia: Macmillan.
MA. Kellner, D., & Share, J. (2005, September 15). Media Literacy in the U.S. Medien PÃ¥dagogik, 1-21.
Masterman, L. (1986). Teaching media. London: Routledge. Media Education Foundation. (2008) Introduction to mass media. Northhampton, MA: Media Education Foundation.
Mediaed.org. (2007). 10 Reasons why media education matters. Accedido el 28 de octubre de 2008, en http://www.mediaed.org/wp/handouts-article
Schor, J. (2004). Born to buy: The commercialised child and the new consumer culture. New York: Scribner. En Media Education Foundation documentary, Consuming Kids: The Commercialization of Childhood (2008). Boston, MA: Media Education Foundation.
Sutton, M.J., Klein, J.D., Brown, J.D., & Wilson, K.M. (2002). Shaking the tree of knowledge for forbidden fruit: Where adolescents learn about sexuality and contraception. En J. Brown (Ed.), Sexual Teens, Sexual Media: Investigating the media‘s influence on adolescent sexuality (p. 25-55). New York: Erlbaum.
Tendenciaspr.com. (2006). Usuarios del Internet en Puerto Rico. Accedido el 11 de noviembre de 2008, en http://www.tendenciaspr.com/Economia/Economia.html
The Kaiser Family Foundation. (2003). Electronic media in the lives of infants, toddlers and preschoolers. Menlo Park, CA. Accedido el 6 de marzo de 2009, en http://www.kff.org/entmedia/entmedia102803pkg.cfm
The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. (2005). Generation M: Media in the lives of 8-18 year-olds. Menlo Park, CA: The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation.
Wells, A.; Slayton, J.; Scott, J. (2002). Defining democracy in the neoliberal age: Charter school reform and educational consumption. American Educational Research Journal, 39(2), 337-361.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.