Resumen
Con base en el modelo de fortalezas se realizó este estudio que tuvo dos objetivos: 1) analizar si los estudiantes de secundaria que no han consumido alcohol ni tabaco presentan más fortalezas internas y externas en comparación con aquellos que ya han consumido alguna de las dos sustancias y 2) conocer las fortalezas que incrementan la probabilidad de no consumir alguna de las dos sustancias. Participaron 2405 estudiantes de escuelas secundarias públicas de la Ciudad de México (40.6%) y de la ciudad de Culiacán (59.4%), hombres (48.2%) y mujeres (51.8%) con una media de edad de 13.6 años (D.E.=1.03). Se utilizó la versión revisada de la escala de fortalezas internas y externas para adolescentes (FIE-AR). Los resultados mostraron que los jóvenes que nunca han consumido alcohol y/o tabaco presentan puntajes significativamente más altos en fortalezas internas y externas en comparación con los que han consumido una o las dos sustancias. Las fortalezas que incrementan la probabilidad de que los jóvenes no consuman alguna de las dos sustancias fueron: la importancia que tiene para los jóvenes evitar las conductas de riesgo, la expresión adecuada del enojo, no tener amigos con conductas de riesgo y no tener acceso a las drogas. Estos resultados pueden ser útiles para el diseño de programas de promoción de la salud basados en fortalezas.
Citas
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