Mots-clés
climate justice
adaptation
vulnerability
SIDS
existential threat
Résumé
Au cours des vingt dernières années, la Caraïbe a connu un grand changement en ce qui concerne son développement, puisque le
réchauffement climatique est désormais au cœur de la politique et de planification de la région. Les initiatives entreprises représentent un changement majeur dans la politique dédiée au développement de la région, changement qui impliquent des transformations profondes, sinon chaotiques, que le réchauffement climatique lié aux facteurs anthropogènes semble poser pour la Caraïbe. Les discours qui soustendent ce changement de politique et leurs implications pour le développement et l’avenir de toute la région sont au cœur de notre contribution. Nous commencerons par une brève présentation de la littérature scientifique sur l’impact du réchauffement climatique pour la Caraïbe et nous discuterons de certaines des principales implications
pour un développement régional. Puis nous passerons en revue et évaluerons les réponses politiques de la région au défi climatique, en nous attachant particulièrement à l’approche stratégique de la communauté caribéenne afin de promouvoir un développement tourné vers la préservation de l’environnement au cours des vingt dernières années.
Enfin, nous explorerons la notion selon laquelle le réchauffement climatique constitue une “menace existentielle” pour la Caraïbe, en même temps qu’il a le potentiel de menacer, voire de réduire à néant tous les progrès réalisés dans la région depuis le début de la postindépendance, avant de présenter certaines mesures de préparation observables dans la région pour répondre efficacement à ce défi sans précédent.
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